Signs of prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the prostate gland. The prostate is a small, walnut-shaped gland in men that produces semen. Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in men, after skin cancer.
Most prostate cancers grow slowly and do not cause any symptoms in the early stages. However, as the cancer grows, it can cause a number of symptoms.
Some of the most common signs of prostate cancer include:
- Difficulty urinating, such as a weak or interrupted urine stream, difficulty starting or stopping urination, or the need to urinate more often, especially at night
- Blood in the urine or semen
- Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis
- Erectile dysfunction (ED)
- Bone pain
- Weight loss
It is important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other medical conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an enlarged prostate gland. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor to get a diagnosis.
Prostate cancer is often diagnosed through a blood test called prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland. A high PSA level can be a sign of prostate cancer, but it can also be caused by other conditions, such as BPH.
If your PSA level is high, your doctor may recommend further testing, such as a digital rectal exam (DRE) or a biopsy. A DRE is a physical exam in which your doctor inserts a gloved finger into your rectum to feel your prostate gland. A biopsy is a procedure in which a small piece of tissue is removed from your prostate gland and examined under a microscope.
The treatment for prostate cancer depends on the stage of the cancer, the patient’s age and overall health, and other factors. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy.
Prostate cancer is a serious disease, but it is often treatable. If you are diagnosed with prostate cancer, it is important to work with your doctor to develop a treatment plan that is right for you.
Here are some additional tips for men who are concerned about prostate cancer:
- Talk to your doctor about your family history of prostate cancer.
- Get regular prostate exams starting at age 40 or 45, or earlier if you are at increased risk.
- Be aware of the signs and symptoms of prostate cancer.
By being aware of the signs and symptoms of prostate cancer, you can help to ensure that you receive a timely diagnosis and treatment.