People with kidney disease need to watch their protein intake. Large amounts can leach calcium from the bones, which can lead to osteoporosis.
Fortunately, there are plenty of kidney-friendly proteins that are also low in sodium, potassium and phosphorus. Try arugula, a nutrient-dense green that’s low in potassium and high in vitamin C and B vitamins.
Canned Foods
Canned foods are a convenient way to add protein, vegetables and other nutrients to your diet, but they can also be high in sodium. Salt is used to preserve and extend the shelf life of many canned foods, so it’s important to read labels carefully and look for “low sodium” options.
Processed meats are also high in sodium, as they are salted, cured or smoked to improve flavor and increase their longevity. These foods include hot dogs, deli meats, sausage and pepperoni. They are also high in phosphorous, which can be harmful to kidney health.
Apricots are rich in vitamin C and potassium, but they should be limited on a renal diet. Other fruits that can be enjoyed are grapes, apples and cranberries. Pineapple is also a kidney-friendly fruit because it has less potassium than some other tropical fruits.
Processed Meats
A diet rich in processed meats like hot dogs, bologna, and deli meats increases the risk of kidney disease. These foods are often high in phosphorus additives, salt, and preservatives. They also put your body at an increased risk for fluid retention and high blood pressure, which are both common in chronic kidney disease.
Processed red meats are particularly harmful to kidney health, and it’s best to stick with lean cuts of beef or pork. These meats are less likely to contain phosphate additives, and you can season them yourself with a controlled amount of salt, which is essential for kidney health. Avoid salty foods such as pickles, olives, and chips. Rather, opt for fresh fruits and vegetables that are low in sodium, such as apricots. They are an excellent source of potassium, which is important for people with kidney disease. A well-planned kidney-friendly diet can help you reduce your sodium intake and other unhealthy ingredients that stress your kidneys.
Sugar
Many foods are high in sugar, which can cause your kidneys to work harder. Avoiding sugar can help protect your kidneys and the rest of your body from a number of health conditions.
Salt (sodium chloride) is another mineral that many kidney patients need to cut back on. Reduce your sodium intake by limiting packaged or canned foods. Instead, choose fresh, whole foods that you can season with herbs and other low-sodium ingredients.
Leafy greens like arugula are low in potassium and packed with nutrients. They’re a great choice for kidney-friendly salads and side dishes. Other kidney-friendly options include bok choy, cauliflower, broccoli, red bell peppers and kale. These vegetables provide a range of important vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Arugula is also rich in vitamin K, calcium and manganese. It’s a good source of protein, and provides nitrates that can help lower blood pressure. Try adding arugula to your favorite salad recipes.
Smoking
Smoking increases the risk of lung disease and lowers immune function, which can increase your risk for kidney disease. Smoking also raises blood pressure, which puts a strain on the kidneys.
A diet low in salt and sugar can help you manage diabetes, prevent heart disease and keep a healthy weight, all of which can reduce stress on the kidneys and slow the progression of chronic kidney disease. A dietitian can help you create a meal plan that suits your needs.
Choose lean meats, like skinless chicken, and add flavor to your meals with onions, garlic and flavored vinegar or citrus zest. Cooking with olive oil and using herbs instead of salt are simple ways to add sodium-free flavor. Add shiitake mushrooms, which are low in potassium and high in protein and nitrates, to your dishes for added health benefits. Salmon and tuna are rich in protein and omega 3 fatty acids, which can improve your heart and brain health and reduce inflammation in the body. Aim for 2-3 ounces of fish or meat each day.